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Magnesium oxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula
MgO. It is magnesium oxide and an ionic compound. It is a white
solid at room temperature. Magnesium oxide exists in nature in the
form of periclase and is the raw material for magnesium smelting.
Magnesium oxide has high fire-resistant insulation properties. It
can be transformed into crystals after being burned at a high
temperature of more than 1000°C, and it becomes dead-burned
magnesium oxide (magnesia) or sintered magnesium oxide when it
rises to 1500-2000°C.
Advanced electromagnetic grade
Application areas: used for wireless high-frequency paramagnetic
magnetic materials, magnetic rod antennas, magnetic cores of FM
components, etc. Replaces ferrite. Can be used in the production of
composite superconducting magnetic materials, and is also used in
the electronic magnetic industry. As a "soft magnetic material". It
is also an ideal raw material for industrial enamel and ceramics.
High-purity magnesium oxide
Application areas: High-purity magnesium oxide has excellent alkali
resistance and electrical insulation at high temperatures. It has
high thermal expansion coefficient and thermal conductivity and
good light transmittance. It is widely used as a high-temperature
heat-resistant material. In the ceramic field, it is used as a raw
material for translucent ceramic crucibles, substrates, etc. In the
electrical materials and electrical fields, it is used as a filler
for magnetic devices, a filler for insulating materials, and
various carriers. When used as a ceramic substrate, the thermal
conductivity is more than twice that of alumina, and the loss of
electrolyte is only 1/10 of that of alumina. It can also be used as
a raw material for high-purity fused magnesia, and can be used as
"analytical pure" magnesium oxide in chemistry.
Nano-level
Application fields: Nano-level magnesium oxide has obvious small
size effect, surface effect, quantum size effect and macro tunnel
effect. After modification, there is no agglomeration phenomenon.
It has many special functions and important application value in
optics, catalysis, magnetism, mechanics, chemical industry, etc. It
has a very broad prospect and is an important new material in the
21st century. Nano-magnesium oxide is widely used in electronics,
catalysis, ceramics, oil products, coatings and other fields. The
role played in different products is also different. It is used as
flame retardant in chemical fiber and plastic industries; high
temperature dehydrating agent in silicon steel sheet production,
advanced ceramic materials, electronic industrial materials,
binders and additives in chemical raw materials; high-frequency
magnetic rod antennas in radio industry, magnetic device fillers,
insulating material fillers and various carriers; refractory fibers
and refractory materials, magnesia-chrome bricks, fillers for
heat-resistant coatings, high temperature resistant and insulating
instruments, electricity, cables, optical materials and
steelmaking; electrical insulator materials, manufacturing
crucibles, furnaces, insulating conduits (tubular elements),
electrode rods, and electrode sheets.
In the textile field, with the increasing demand for
high-performance flame-retardant fibers, the synthesis of new
high-performance flame retardants provides an ideal material for
the development of functional fabrics. Nano magnesium oxide is
often used with sawdust and wood shavings to manufacture
lightweight, soundproof, heat-insulating, refractory fiberboard and
other refractory materials and metal ceramics. Compared with some
traditional phosphorus or halogen organic flame retardants, nano
magnesium oxide is non-toxic, odorless, and has a small addition
amount, making it an ideal additive for the development of
flame-retardant fibers. In addition, nano magnesium oxide has
strong cleaning and corrosion inhibition capabilities for fuel oil,
and has a good application prospect in coatings.
Feed grade
Adding 50 to 90 grams of magnesium oxide to dairy cow feed daily or
adding 0.5% of the concentrate can not only supplement the lack of
magnesium in the diet to prevent the occurrence of magnesium
deficiency, but also is an excellent rumen buffer, regulates rumen
fermentation, and can increase the absorption of milk synthesis
precursors by the mammary gland, thereby increasing milk production
and milk fat rate. According to foreign reports, adding 0.5%
magnesium oxide to the supplement of concentrated feed for dairy
cows can increase milk production by an average of 1.6 kg, increase
milk fat content by 0.145 percentage points, and help increase feed
intake. ?Adding magnesium oxide to dairy cows' diets can prevent
heat stress. Magnesium ions can work together with sodium ions and
potassium ions to maintain the balance of osmotic pressure inside
and outside cells, alleviate the cows' response to heat stress,
thereby increasing the cows' feed intake in summer and maintaining
milk production. In addition, it is recommended that in the case of
heat stress, the amount of magnesium oxide in the diet should be
increased to compensate for the loss of magnesium in the body, so
as to ensure and maintain normal milk production. Both dairy cows
and beef cattle have a good balance mechanism to deal with excess
magnesium ions, so an appropriate increase in the amount of
magnesium oxide will not cause adverse effects on cattle.
The symptoms of magnesium deficiency in dairy cows are: first, the
cows' appetite decreases, their movements become slow, and they
become lethargic. As the disease worsens, the cows' gait becomes
stiff and their steps shake. Moreover, the cows become nervous and
irritable, and their muscles tremble significantly. If it
continues, the cows become completely paralyzed and spasmodic. If
not treated in time, it will cause death. In addition, magnesium
deficiency will reduce the digestibility of nutrients and lead to a
decrease in milk production in dairy cows.
When ruminants such as cattle and sheep are grazing, it is
important to ensure that their food contains enough magnesium to
prevent them from convulsing due to magnesium deficiency. Usually,
this convulsion is caused by cattle or sheep eating
magnesium-deficient grass in cold weather. There are two most
common methods to increase magnesium in livestock feed: one is to
mix magnesium powder with syrup and add it to the feed; the other
is to add lightly burned magnesium powder directly to the purchased
feed. Magnesium deficiency is more common in beef cattle and sheep
than in dairy cows. This is because the amount of concentrate in
the diet of dairy cows is relatively large, while the amount of
concentrate in the diet of beef cattle and sheep is relatively
small.
The amount of magnesium oxide added to the diet of ruminants is
0.5% to 1.0%.
Poultry
Newborn chicks can only survive for a few days when fed a diet
completely lacking magnesium. When fed a low-magnesium diet, chicks
grow slowly, become lethargic, pant, and breathe rapidly. When
frightened, they will show short-term convulsions, and finally lead
to temporary coma or death. According to experiments, the growth
rate of broilers fed a diet containing 200ppm magnesium is reduced
by 80% compared with a diet containing 600ppm magnesium.
For laying hens, egg production will drop rapidly when magnesium is
deficient. Low blood magnesium causes a large amount of bone
magnesium to be used, eggs become smaller, eggshell weight becomes
lighter, and the magnesium concentration in yolk and eggshell
decreases. Studies have shown that the thicker the eggshell, the
higher the concentration of magnesium in the eggshell, which shows
that appropriately increasing the magnesium concentration in the
laying hen diet can improve the quality of the eggshell and
increase egg weight.
Usually in production, depending on age, breed and poultry, the
magnesium concentration of commonly used poultry feed is between
0.15% and 0.22%.
Pigs
Due to the continuous improvement of pig breeds and the continuous
increase in productivity, the nutritional needs of magnesium should
be increased accordingly. Magnesium ion deficiency will greatly
increase the mortality rate of piglets. Magnesium deficiency can
cause pig stamping, which is manifested by the pig repeatedly
lifting its hind legs as if it is stamping in place when standing.
For sows, magnesium oxide is widely used as a laxative to prevent
stress syndromes such as oversensitivity and tail biting in penned
pigs.
Recent studies have also shown that adding magnesium oxide to pig
diets or appropriately increasing the concentration of magnesium in
diets can improve the quality of pork. Feeding growing and
finishing pigs with a diet supplemented with magnesium oxide can
improve growth rate and pork quality, including the pH value and
color of pork, and reduce PSE pork.
Depending on the growth stage, body weight and production purpose,
the magnesium concentration of pig feed commonly used in the feed
industry is 0.13% to 0.27%.
Freshwater fish
Freshwater fish need to be appropriately supplemented with
magnesium in the feed because the amount of dissolved magnesium in
water is insufficient.
Rumen buffer regulators in additives, such as sodium bicarbonate,
magnesium oxide, etc.