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1, Gas Introduction
Synthetic fuel is a type of hydrocarbon combustible gas mainly
composed of hydrogen, which is safe and efficient to burn,
non-toxic and odorless, and is a new type of green and clean
energy. Synthetic fuels have the advantages of no environmental
harm, abundant raw material resources, and low cost and price. The
products can be widely used in various fields such as power
generation, industry, civil use, and motor vehicles, and are green
energy that benefits humanity.
The utilization of hydrogen energy has been a high-tech topic that
scientists around the world have been exploring and hoping to
achieve breakthroughs in for many years. The successful development
of synthetic fuels has opened up a new path for the effective
utilization of hydrogen energy and is a groundbreaking high-tech
achievement.
Hydrogen energy is the chemical energy of hydrogen, which mainly
appears in its combined form on Earth. It is the most widely
distributed substance in the universe, comprising 75% of the mass
of the universe. Due to the fact that hydrogen must be produced
from hydrogen containing substances such as water and fossil fuels,
it is a secondary energy source. Hydrogen energy has the following
main advantages: high combustion heat value, the heat generated per
kilogram of hydrogen after combustion is about 3 times that of
gasoline, 3.9 times that of alcohol, and 4.5 times that of coke.
The product of combustion is water, which is the cleanest energy
source in the world. Abundant resources, hydrogen can be produced
from water, which is the most abundant resource on Earth. At
present, hydrogen energy technology has entered the stage of
systematic implementation in countries and regions such as the
United States, Japan, and the European Union. The main components
of synthetic hydrogen gas are CO and H2, which are produced using
water (including various rivers, industrial and civilian
wastewater) as the raw material and produced by cracking process at
low temperature. It can replace existing fuels (gas) and is widely
used in various fields that require fuel as energy, such as
industry, automobiles, and civilian use. The cost is far superior
to other hydrogen production methods, so synthetic hydrogen gas has
always been considered the ultimate solution to utilize hydrogen
energy and solve future human energy crises.
The preparation method of this synthetic gas involves heating a
mixture of feed and liquid at a certain pressure and temperature
through an arc generated between electrodes. Under the high
temperature of the arc, the mixture undergoes cracking reaction,
resulting in the production of a combustible gas mixture. Namely:
electrode (arc)+liquid mixture → combustible gas mixture.
2, Gas characteristics
The production method of synthetic fuel is very simple. By
introducing water into a special device and using specially
designed graphite electrode rods for cracking, a synthetic
combustible mixture gas can be generated.
The main raw materials for the production of synthetic fuels are
water and graphite electrodes, and various water resources can be
utilized. For example, people's daily water use, recycled water,
river water, seawater, or polluted inorganic wastewater can all be
owned by them. After undergoing electrolysis reaction, sewage can
also have a purifying effect on water quality. Graphite electrode.
In the production process of synthetic fuels, a small amount of
graphite electrodes are consumed, and their sources are also very
extensive, one of which is graphite ore.
Basic properties of synthetic fuels
Synthetic fuel is a composite gas fuel of hydrogen and carbon
monoxide, with a standard density of 0.66g/liter. Average relative
molecular weight: 16.1g/mol Synthetic fuel is colorless and
odorless. It is a known lighter gas, mainly composed of hydrogen,
and also contains carbon monoxide, acetylene, methane, and other
inert gases. It can be stored, transported, and used at room
temperature and pressure.
The combustion value and flash point of synthetic fuels are high,
and the emissions after combustion are water. After volatilization,
it will not pollute the environment. On the contrary, it can also
enhance atmospheric circulation and increase air humidity. So, it
is the most ideal clean fuel to replace traditional fuels.
3. Equipment structure and functional characteristics:
1) Adopting a low-voltage constant current power supply system,
utilizing high-power arc for fusion cracking of material liquid
mixture, generating new combustible mixed gases;
2) Automatic monitoring and adjustment of temperature, liquid
level, pressure, etc. of the cracking tank feed liquid mixture, to
achieve continuous and long-term stable operation of the cracking
device;
3) Automatic monitoring, recording, and adjustment of the flow
rate, pressure, and other parameters of mixed combustible gases
generated during cracking, to achieve continuous long-term
compression and storage of combustible gases;
4) Implement system safe startup, start stop nitrogen filling and
sweeping, multi-point real-time monitoring and automatic
elimination of combustible gases in the surrounding environment of
the equipment, and emergency shutdown;
5) The electrode transmission mechanism can achieve manual and
automatic conversion, independently realize startup and shutdown,
and can also achieve linkage, which is convenient for
troubleshooting, equipment maintenance and debugging;
6) Realize the monitoring and alarm signals of water pressure and
temperature for circulating cooling water. The cooling water device
provides cooling for the tank electrode seal, conductive clamp,
water-cooled cable, DC power supply, etc.
7) Industrial control computers are mainly used for process
monitoring and can set and modify on-site parameters. The lower
level programmable logic controller (PLC) collects and transmits
on-site signals, and communicates with various executing
instruments and meters. On site control parameters such as arc
voltage, current, and power; Electrode feed control accuracy and
position accuracy; Gas pressure, temperature, etc; Centralized
control monitoring and display of temperature, liquid level, flow
rate, etc. of the material liquid mixture.
8) Large screen monitoring screen, realizing centralized display of
multiple screens on site, monitoring the electrode position and arc
initiation status in the cracking tank, displaying the feeding and
feeding mechanical transmission status, and realizing on-site
display of gas flow rate, pressure, temperature, etc.