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A rotary vane compressor always compresses the gas the design
pressure defined by the manufacture, regardless of the pressure in
the system in which the compressor is discharging.
This is a positive-displacement pump that consists of vanes mounted
to a rotor that rotates inside a cavity.
The vane-type compressor consists of a cylindrical rotor with
longitudinal slots in which radial sliding vanes are fitted.
The rotor is positioned eccentrically within a cylindrical housing.
The spaces between adjacent vanes form pockets of decreasing volume
from a fixed inlet port to a fixed discharge port.Compressor inlet
and discharge valves are not employed in the design.
Rotary compressors are another type of famous compressor. It uses
two Asymmetrical rotors that are also called helical screws to
compress the air.
The rotors have a very special shape and they turn in opposite
directions with very little clearance between them.
The rotors are covered by cooling jackets. Two shafts on the rotors
have been placed that transfer their motion with the help of timing
gears that are attached at the starting point of the
shafts/compressor (as shown in the image).Air sucked in at one end
and gets trapped between the rotors and gets pushed to another side
of the rotors.
The air is pushed by the rotors that are rotating in the opposite
direction and compression is done when it gets trapped in clearance
between the two rotors. Then it pushed towards the pressure side.
Rotary screw compressors are of two types oil-injected and
oil-free. Oil-injected is cheaper and most common than oil-free
rotary screw compressors.